A 2012 meta-analysis of 16 studies, which included 46,236 participants, demonstrated that pooled relative risk of CVD per 1-SD increase was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.22; I2:58.3%) for insulin and 1.25 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.35; I2:52.4%) for Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (35). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.