Besides, some studies revealed that blocking the nuclear translocation of PKM2 and inhibiting the expression of apoptosis-regulated genes can alleviate AD neuronal lesions (Traxler et al., 2022), and PTL may also play an anti-apoptotic role by promoting the formation of PKM2 tetramers and inhibiting dimerization into the nucleus. This evidence concerns the gene PNLIP and Alzheimer disease.