FNDC5 and cancer: Numerous studies have shown that FNDC5 plays an important role in cancer diseases, including many types of malignancies, namely breast cancer, lung cancer, reproductive tract cancer, and bone cancer (Zhang et al., 2018; Cheng et al., 2020; Kim et al., 2021; Pinkowska et al., 2021; Cebulski et al., 2022; Zhu et al., 2022).