MDM2 and neoplasm: Studies at home and abroad [7–15] have found that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD44V6, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), double microsome 2 (MDM2) and transforming growth factor TGF-β1 have certain clinical significance in tumor growth.