When children were further stratified according to pubertal stage, GHBP serum levels were increased in individuals with overweight/obesity throughout childhood and adolescence (Figure 1(a)), while IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were increased in pre-puberty and early puberty (Figure 1(b,c)) and the IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio was increased only in pre-pubertal children (Figure 1(d)). The gene discussed is IGFBP3; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.