CCL4 and atherosclerosis: A recent study into the effect of CCL4 inhibition on the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice showed that CCL4 inhibition reduced the atheroma areas and altered the development of atheroma plaques, resulting in a thicker fibrous cap, lower macrophage content, and lower matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 expressions, implying plaque stabilization (Chang et al., 2020[3]).