PRM1 and Infertility: Also, the same study reported alterations in the PRM1:PRM2 ratio and higher rates of DNA fragmentation in men with infertility/subfertility antecedents, which decreased the success of in vitro reproduction techniques, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) (Balhorn et al., 1988; Evenson and Wixon, 2006).