TNF and ulcerative colitis: The choice to assess vedolizumab efficacy after 14 to 16 weeks instead of 12 as for anti-TNF was based on data from clinical trials including the VARSITY (Vedolizumab versus Adalimumab for Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis) and VERDICT (In actiVE ulcerative colitis, a RanDomIzed Controlled Trial for determination of the optimal treatment target) studies.51-53 As classes of targeted therapies expand, future studies will need to include them, and account for bio-naive and bio-exposed patients to better reflect clinical practice.