Subgroup analysis of KEYNOTE-042 study [36] showed that in patients with KRAS mutant NSCLC and a PD-L1 tumour proportion score (TPS) of 1% or greater, pembrolizumab monotherapy could significantly improve ORR (56.7% vs 18.0%), PFS (12 months vs. 6 months; HR = 0.51), OS (28 months vs. 11 months; HR = 0.42) compared with platinum-containing chemotherapy; and in patients with KRAS G12C mutant NSCLC, pembrolizumab monotherapy could also improve ORR (66.7% vs 23.5%), PFS (15 months vs. 6 months; HR = 0.27), OS (NR months vs. 8 months; HR = 0.28) compared with platinum-containing chemotherapy. The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.