CD44 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: To investigate the effect of αPD‐L1 on stemness of NSCLC cells by regulating TAM/M2 polarization, the protein expression of stemness‐related markers, including CD44, Oct4, Sox2, Bmi‐1 and Nanog were detected by the western blot assay (Figure 5A–C,E–G; Figure S1K‐M).