Urinary NGAL had significantly better diagnostic accuracy for AKI than IL-18 (relative DOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39–0.78), L-FABP (relative DOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45–0.97), and TIMP-2 × IGFBP-7: 0.3 (relative DOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.22–0.87). The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is acute kidney injury.