ACTA1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: In addition, the liver index (%) and a series of liver stains, including hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), oil red O (ORO), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunohistochemistry (IHC), Masson and F4/80 immunofluorescence (IF) stainings, indicated that NASH mice typically had hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation and hepatic fibrosis (Supplementary Fig. 1e).