NDUFAB1 and benign prostatic hyperplasia: The higher serum ACP activities in the AgNP-treated group is a marker of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer in its early stages, as AgNPs inhibit cholesterol transport into the inner mitochondrial membrane effectively by reducing steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) expression, stopping cholesterol conversion to pregnenolone levels (Baki et al. 2014).