DNAJA3 and infection: To examine if DNAJA3 affects PEDV infection at the adsorption or internalization stage, we pre-treated the IPEC-J2 cells with DNAJA3 silencing or overexpressing vectors which were then infected with a high infection dose of PEDV (MOI = 5) for adsorption at 4 °C for 1 h or shifted to 37 °C for 1 h to estimate virus entry.