First, Ge/HA scaffolds increased survival and decreased the tumor growth rate in comparison with those of the melanoma cell-challenged mice (Figure 6a,b); in addition, GE/HA scaffolds mediated the increase in costimulatory molecule expression in macrophages and DC and a slight increase in the percentage of CD8 T lymphocytes and the activation of CD4 T lymphocytes, in contrast to what was observed in the mice with melanoma without treatment (Figure 5). Here, CD4 is linked to neoplasm.