The same treatment moderately reduced HbA1c [279] and had beneficial effects on the adipocyte dysfunction associated with T2DM increasing serum adipsin and reducing visfatin [281], an adipokine whose deficiency has been associated with β-cell failure [282] firstly, and a pleiotropic protein, also known as pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF), whose circulating levels are increased in T2DM patients [283] secondly. This evidence concerns the gene NAMPT and type 2 diabetes mellitus.