PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: While in both ethnicities, the PNPLA3 GG allele but not the G.C. allele was in general associated with a higher risk of NAFLD (OR = 5.22 (1.94–14.04) in Han ethnics and 4.29 (1.60–11.48) in Uyghurs) compared to CC allele, the effect was sex-dependent.