In cancer cachexia (with or without accompanied sarcopenia), this process can be explained by the simultaneous increase of proinflammatory cytokines, i.e., IL-6 and INF-γ, or TNF-α, playing an important role in the induction of ligases involved in the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) activation: cytokine-dependent muscle atrophy F box (MAFbx) and muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Cachexia.