Specifically, an increased risk of diabetes was found among homozygous carriers of the minor T allele of rs1858828, which lies at 291bp 5′ of SLC38A3 gene in a DNase I hypersensitive region that alters a binding site for Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a dual function transcription factor involved in T2D [24,25], as suggested by inspection of databases providing functional annotation of SNPs. This evidence concerns the gene YY1 and diabetes mellitus.