TP53 and prostate cancer: For instance, by upregulating the tumor suppressor and apoptotic genes Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), BCL-2 interacting killer (BIK), tumor suppressor p53 (p53), and cytochrome complex (CYCS) and downregulating the expression of the antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), ferulic acid causes apoptosis in prostate cancer cells [22].