AGT and endothelial dysfunction: Angiotensin II mediates its actions by binding to and activating the transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (AT1 and AT2); it activates renal sodium reabsorption, induces endothelial dysfunction, and has proinflammatory properties; therefore, angiotensin II is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension-related microvascular (nephropathy and retinopathy) and macrovascular damages (heart attacks and cerebrovascular accidents) [24].