CD4 and Opportunistic infection: Other studies have shown that HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfected patients may have artificially elevated CD4+ counts, though, in this study, there was no statistically significant difference in CD4+ counts between HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infected and HIV-1 singly infected patients; however, the coinfected patients had higher HIV-1 viral loads and more opportunistic infections suggesting a worse prognosis as compared to the HIV singly infected patients at the initial visit.