IFNA1 and COVID-19: For example, the ratios of TNF-α/IL-5, IFN-α/IL-10, IL-6/IL-5, TNF-α/IL-4, and IFN- γ/IL-5, were lower (≈24-, 23-, 20-, 10-, and 10-fold) in COVID-19 ICU patients as compared with HC subjects.