A lower Th1 bias in cytokines produced by neutrophils was seen in 17 out of 24 possible combinations from COVID-19 ICU patients compared to HC (Table 4); the ratios of TNF-α/IL-5, IFN-α/IL-9, IFN-α/IL-4, IFN-α/IL-5, TNF-α/IL-4, and IL-6/IL-5 show lower differences in COVID-19 ICU patients versus HC individuals (≈21-, 20-, 16-, 5-, 4- and 4-fold respectively). Here, IFNA1 is linked to COVID-19.