Additionally, in vivo studies carried out in COPD patients confirm that Carbocysteine downregulates parameters of systemic inflammation and oxidation, increasing circulating soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), reducing serum levels of microRNA-21 (miR-21), IL-8 and fluorescent advanced glycation end products (fAGEs), and decreasing concentrations of 8-isoprostane and IL-6 in exhaled breath condensate [36]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.