MICA protein serves as a ligand of Natural Killer Group 2D (NKG2D) receptors, which are found on the surface of natural killer (NK) as well as CD8+ T cells leading to the activation of these cells which are known to play a major role in the pathogenesis of T1D [22,24,25,26,27,28,29]. Here, MICA is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.