Here, we reported that almost all of the samples of the decidua expressed NLRP3 in both of the groups, with half of villi samples also expressing NLRP3 in both of the groups, while there was a higher percentage of fetal membrane samples in the PTB group that expressed NLRP3 when they were compared to the samples of the term birth group without chorioamnionitis (Figure 3). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and chorioamnionitis.