Biochemical changes include accumulation of sorbitol and advanced glycation end-products, oxidative stress, protein kinase C activation, inflammation, and upregulation of the renin–angiotensin system and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [5], induced by hypoxia and advanced glycation end-products, and can ultimately lead to neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) [6]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.