Seventeen markers in G3 tissue, including the EMT-associated markers CD14, CD24, CD44, CD56, CK6, CK7, CK13, CK20, NSE, CDX2, CgA, DAXX, PCNA, laminin, Ki-67 and the angiogenesis markers CD31 and CD45, were more highly expressed in tumour tissue relative to those in non-tumour tissue, while eleven markers in Grade 2 and nine markers in Grade 1 were differentially expressed in tumour relative to those in non-tumour tissue. This evidence concerns the gene PCNA and neoplasm.