TNF and neoplasm: TAMs have been known to be involved in inducing angiogenesis, tumor growth, migration, metastasis, invasion, immunosuppression, and resistance against radiotherapy through secreting many inhibitory chemokines and cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-34, colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), tumor necrosis factor, prostaglandin E2, MMPs, and CCL2, CCL5, and CCL18 [573,574].