The objective of the current study was to determine the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) distribution of locus 45 in exon 2 (rs2241766) [20] and locus 3336 in the 3′-untranslated region (rs1063538) [21] of the adiponectin gene within a T2DM population in Taiwan, and to examine whether SNPs in these two loci can provide meaningful information for T2DM treatment. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and type 2 diabetes mellitus.