ATXN3 and spinocerebellar ataxia type 1: The LTL in the manifest HD patients (median 0.66 T/S) was markedly shortened compared to the other neurodegenerative diseases we studied to date: Alzheimer’s disease (mean LTL 0.70 T/S) [24], spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA1) (median LTL 0.75 T/S), SCA2 (median LTL 1.06 T/S), and SCA3 (median LTL 0.90 T/S) [27].