We can state that this study contributes to a better comprehension of the involvement of adenosine signaling pathway in lung disease, and in particular, the role of A3AR agonists in an animal model of lung fibrosis; we can hypothesize that MRS5980 or other A3AR selective agonists could represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with chronic lung inflammation and fibrosis development, even if several aspects require further investigation. The gene discussed is ADORA3; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.