Sun et al. found that chronic administration of Ac-SDKP prevented the collagen I and III synthesis in SiO2-induced silicosis rat model in vivo and TGF-β1-stimulated primary pulmonary fibroblasts in vitro and these effects are associated with inhibition of macrophage infiltration, TGF-β1 expression, and its downstream c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and translocation to the nucleus [125]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and silicosis.