They further demonstrated that in vitro, Ac-SDKP inhibited lung fibrosis and induced cell apoptosis associated with upregulating α-TAT1 in the human type II alveolar epithelial A549 cell line and human embryo lung fibroblast MRC-5 cell line induced by TGF-β1 and SiO2 [132]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis.