Drosophila larvae with reduced expression of pank2/fumble showed defective protein acetylation [52], fibroblasts from NBIA patients had low levels of transferrin receptor pamlytoylation [53], and mice and flies with deletion of pank2 showed defective protein 4-phosphopantetheinylation [20,27]. The gene discussed is TFRC; the disease is neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation.