The aims of the study were (i) to investigate the clonal heterogeneity of MDS and AML bone marrow samples based on TP53 gene mutation status, (ii) to find a correlation between mutation status and the severity of hematopoietic disorders, and (iii) to investigate the alterations of p53 protein upon mutations in silico. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and acute myeloid leukemia.