Figure 1C,D show the volcano and heat maps of differential genes between ESCC patients with and without LNM (Supplementary Table S2). A total of six DE-LNM-CCGs were obtained after crossover of LNMGs and CCGs with the DEGs of ESCC and normal samples, including ATR, AANAT, NAGLU, PPARG, TP53, SUMO1 (Figure 1E). The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.