Among the patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma, high expression of ESPL1 was associated with poor OS and PFS [p = 4.1 × 10−12, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.57 (95% CI, 1.38–1.78) and p = 2.1 × 10−9, HR = 1.78 (95% CI, 1.47–2.15), respectively]. The gene discussed is ESPL1; the disease is squamous cell lung carcinoma.