The pathogenesis involves beta pancreatic cell dysfunction (anomalies of insulin secretion) and insulin resistance, but also a dysregulation of the IGF system, mostly higher levels of IGF1 and IGF2, and reduced IGFBP1 and IGFBP4 (IGF Binding Protein); IGF1 and IGF2 are essentially important for glucose transport to the fetus [33,85,86]. This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and Insulin resistance.