ENPP2 and neoplasm: ATX expression and subsequent LPA production are elevated or aberrant in both tumor and serum from almost every type of cancer, such as breast [67], thyroid [68], HCC [69], lung [70], renal [71], pancreatic [72], bladder [73], ovarian [3], endometrial [74], prostate [75], glioblastoma [76] and neuroblastoma [77].