PTEN and neoplasm: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), as a tumor suppressor, is a potent inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway because PTEN promotes the dephosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-3, 4, 5-triphosphate (PIP3) to phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-diphosphate (PIP2) [124].