APC and colorectal carcinoma: Based on a previous study, Guo P et al. [26] also established a C57BL/6J-adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) Min/J (APCMin/+) mouse model and confirmed that the levels of γH2AX (a DNA double-strand breaks marker) and chk2 were significantly higher in CRC tissues from Fn infected mice, which led to DNA damage and tumor growth as well as increased numbers of CRC cells in the S phase of the cell cycle.