TGFB1 and cancer: For example, hypoxia induces GLUT1 overexpression in various cancers [48]; Azadeh Nilchian et al. revealed that overexpression of GLUT1 can make breast cancer cells produce stable EMT and promote proliferation during chronic TGF-β1 exposure [49]; Zhang et al. revealed that GLUT1 S-palmitoylation mediated by DHHC9 promotes glycolysis and tumorigenesis in glioblastoma [50].