Notably, while RCC tissues demonstrated higher levels of phosphorylated VEGFR-2 when compared to hemangioblastomas, the protein levels of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and FGFR ligand (FGFR substrate 2) were higher in hemangioblastomas relative to RCC [33]. This evidence concerns the gene FRS2 and renal cell carcinoma.