Among these novel therapeutic agents, monoclonal antibodies against CTLA-4 (cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen-4), such as the clinically validated ipilimumab, or against PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein ligand 1), such as atezolizumab, have been approved by FDA for different types of cancer as first-line treatments, monotherapies or in combination with chemotherapy, showing great results in terms of both overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is cancer.