HMOX1 and rheumatoid arthritis: In rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts, calycosin significantly potentiated Nrf2 translocation by inducing p62 accumulation and Keap1 degradation to activate HO-1 and NQO1, thus suppressing IL-6 and IL-33 secretion and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression [54].