CCL2 and cancer: In this study, high levels of plasma VEGF-A, TNF-α, CCL2, IL-6, and IFN-γ in the Cancer TIF1-γ-DM group (Figure 2), particularly those not undergoing any anticancer treatment (Figure 3), were excellent in distinguishing cancer among the anti-TIF1-γ antibody-positive DM patients (Figure 4A).