Given the success of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in the first-line setting, neoadjuvant therapy containing PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has been investigated in gastric adenocarcinoma13–18, with a hypothesis of the promotion of systemic antitumor immunity, derived from the activation of tumor-specific T cells within the tumor microenvironment, and the enhancement of antigen presentation from the dendritic cell to the tumor-specific T cells19. Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.