In our study, rats and cell lines were treated with different concentrations of OMPM to establish PF models in vivo and in vitro, and the molecular mechanism of TGF-β1/Smad3 and TGF-β1/p38 MAPK signaling pathways of the occurrence and development of PF induced by OMPM exposure was studied indepth using histopathology, molecular biology, and cell biology. Here, SMAD3 is linked to pemphigus foliaceus.