Other risk factors for cryptococcal disease include solid organ transplant [27], calcineurin inhibitors and other immunomodulatory agents [28], auto-antibodies against granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (anti-GM-CSF) [29], decompensated cirrhosis [28], type 2 diabetes mellitus, malignant solid tumours, autoimmune diseases and chronic kidney disease [30]. Here, CSF2 is linked to chronic kidney disease.