Multiplex immunochemistry (MxIHC) confirmed that the majority of SMA-positive CAF in NSCLC and HNSCC express pATM (Fig. 1J–N and Supplementary Fig. S1F–S1I), indicating, overall, that myoCAF in vitro and in vivo display activated ATM signaling. Here, SMN1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.